Japanese adjectives

* EI endings for Japanese adjectives are for the most part irregular

TASHIKA itself is the adjective for our English term, “certain”. It is highly likely that the ka of TASHIKA has been artificially transplanted into adjectives in the Fukuoka region. TASHIKA means for certain in English and TASHIKA NI means certainly. As is the case with the irregular Japanese class of adjectives ending in EI, TASHIKA can be followed by the particle NI so that the NI can be roughly translated in sentences involving adjectives as –ly.

Below are some common Japanese adjectives that I have found most useful.

可愛 kawai かわい – cute

恐い kowai こわい – scary

近い chikai ちかい – close

鋭い surudoi するどい sharp

賢い kashikoi かしこい – smart

堅い katai かたい – hard

短い mijikai みじかい – short

細い hosoi ほそい – narrow

長い nagai ながい – long

明るい akarui あかるい - bright

太い futoi ふとい – fat

厚いatsui あつい – thick

暑いatsui あつい - thick

熱いatsui あつい - hot

寒いsamui さむい – cold

涼しいsuzushii すずしい – cool

激しいhageshii はげしい – violent

難しmuzukashii むつ“かしい – difficult

簡単kantan かんたん – easy

眠いnemui ねむい – sleepy

眠たいnemutai ねむたい – sleepy

低いhikui ひくい – low

高いtakai たかい – tall

珍しいmezurashii めずらしい – rare

大きいookii おおきいい – big

小さいchiisai ちいさい – small

古いfurui ふるい – old

若いwakai わかい – young

広いhiroi ひろい – wide

安いyasui やすい – cheap, easy

目覚しい mezamashii めざましい – alert

凄いtsumetai つめたい – chilly

強いtsuyoi つよい – strong

弱いyowai よわい – weak

柔らかい yawarakai – soft

早い hayai – fast

遅いosoi – slow

重い omoi – heavy

暗い kurai くらい – dark

重たい omotai おもたい - heavy

軽い karui かるい – light

恥ずかしい hazukashii はずかしい – embarassing

喧しいyakamashii やかましい – loud, obnoxious

静か shizuka しずか – quiet

素晴らしい subarashii すばらしい – wonderful

美味しい oishii おいしい – delicious

酸っぱいsuppai すっぱい – sour

甘い あまい amai あまい – sweet

狭い せまいsemai せまい – narrow

悔しい kuyashii くやしいvexing, mortifying

怪しいayashii – doubtful, suspicious

辛いtsurai つらい – hard, difficult

美しいutsukushi うつくし – beautiful

面白いomoshiroi おもしろい – interesting

ちからずよいchikarazuyoi – powerful

かこいkakoi – stylish, handsome

惜しいoshii – regretful

*YOI = ii in any case (pronounced “ee”)

YOKA – can be heard often in the Fukuoka region. It is a part of the hakata-ben dialect. It means essentially– “Nah…”, or “I’m good!”

Hakata-ben or the dialect of Hakata takes adjectives and they have fun with them. Yoka is a word in Hakataben that means, “I’m good.” You’ll hear YOKA when somebody says that they don’t need something, somewhat similar to the way the word “nevermind” works in English.

TASHIKA is not an adjective like AKAI, UTSUKUSHII, AKARUI, OR SURUDOI. It is irregular like TOMEI therefore it uses the connective particle NA

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